问题
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt install update-manager-core
sudo do-release-upgrade -d
然后我重新启动后更新和升级命令,存在许多无法满足的依赖关系和损坏的包的问题 sudo apt-get -f install
命令无法修复,更新sudo apt install -f输出的第一部分错误日志为:
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
gnome-calendar : Depends: gsettings-desktop-schemas (>= 3.21.2) but 3.18.1-1ubuntu1 is installed
gnome-session : Depends: gnome-shell (>= 3.25.91-0ubuntu4~) but it is not installed
Depends: gnome-session-bin (>= 3.28.1-0ubuntu2) but 3.18.1.2-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 is installed
Depends: gnome-session-common (= 3.28.1-0ubuntu2) but 3.18.1.2-1ubuntu1.16.04.2 is installed
Depends: xwayland but it is not installed
Recommends: fonts-cantarell but it is not installed
Recommends: adwaita-icon-theme-full
Recommends: gnome-themes-extra but it is not installed
gnome-settings-daemon : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-17 (>= 3.17.92) but it is not installed
Depends: gsettings-desktop-schemas (>= 3.20) but 3.18.1-1ubuntu1 is installed
hplip : Depends: python3 (< 3.6) but 3.6.5-3 is installed
libc-dev-bin : Depends: libc6 (< 2.24) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.23-0ubuntu10) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.23-0ubuntu10) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
libgmime-3.0-0 : Depends: libgpgme11 (>= 1.7.0) but 1.6.0-1 is installed
libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer : Depends: libreoffice-core (= 1:5.1.6~rc2-0ubuntu1~xenial3) but 1:6.0.3-0ubuntu1 is installed
libreoffice-base-core : Depends: libreoffice-core (= 1:5.1.6~rc2-0ubuntu1~xenial3) but 1:6.0.3-0ubuntu1 is installed
libreoffice-calc : Depends: libreoffice-base-core (= 1:6.0.3-0ubuntu1) but 1:5.1.6~rc2-0ubuntu1~xenial3 is installed
Depends: liborcus-0.13-0 (>= 0.13.3) but it is not installed
libreoffice-core : Depends: libgpgmepp6 (>= 1.10.0) but it is not installed
Depends: liborcus-0.13-0 (>= 0.13.3) but it is not installed
Depends: libpoppler73 (>= 0.62.0) but it is not installed
Depends: libxmlsec1 (>= 1.2.25) but it is not installed
Depends: libxmlsec1-nss (>= 1.2.25) but it is not installed
libreoffice-gnome : Depends: libreoffice-gtk3 but it is not installed
libreoffice-gtk : Depends: libreoffice-gtk2 but it is not installed
libreoffice-math : Depends: libreoffice-core (= 1:5.1.6~rc2-0ubuntu1~xenial3) but 1:6.0.3-0ubuntu1 is installed
libreoffice-writer : Depends: libreoffice-base-core (= 1:6.0.3-0ubuntu1) but 1:5.1.6~rc2-0ubuntu1~xenial3 is installed
Depends: libabw-0.1-1 but it is not installed
Depends: libepubgen-0.1-1 (>= 0.1.0) but it is not installed
libtotem0 : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-17 (>= 3.17.92) but it is not installed
libwayland-egl1-mesa : Depends: libegl1 but it is not installed
libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 : Depends: libjavascriptcoregtk-1.0-0 (= 2.4.11-0ubuntu0.1) but 2.4.11-3ubuntu3 is installed
Depends: libwebkitgtk-1.0-common (>= 2.4.11) but it is not installable
nautilus : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-17 (>= 3.18.1) but it is not installed
python3-brlapi : Depends: python3 (< 3.6) but 3.6.5-3 is installed
python3-cffi-backend : Depends: python3 (< 3.6) but 3.6.5-3 is installed
python3-crypto : Depends: python3 (< 3.6) but 3.6.5-3 is installed
和
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks,
this may be caused by held packages.
在Synaptic中尝试修复损坏的软件包会产生以下错误消息:
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks,
this may be caused by held packages.
答案1
我也有同样的问题,必须编辑/var/lib/dpkg/status,并清除依赖:这是唯一让apt-get install -f再次工作的做法。
答案2
这里有一些尝试。
方法一:
这是最简单的方法,不要使用sudo apt-get install PACKAGENAME (其中PACKAGENAME是你要在apt系统上尝试安装的软件包),而应使用sudo apt-get install -f,-f参数将尝试更正依赖性损坏的系统,在此之后,你将能够安装有问题的包。
打开终端,并键入:
sudo apt-get install -f
然后按ENTER键。
现在输入:
sudo dpkg --configure -a
然后按ENTER键。
现在再来一次:
sudo apt-get install -f
方法二:
Aptitude是apt-get 的替代品,你可以用作高级软件包管理器,
打开终端,并键入:
sudo apt-get install aptitude
然后按ENTER键。
现在输入:
sudo aptitude install PACKAGENAME
然后按ENTER键。
PACKAGENAME是你要安装的软件包,这将尝试通过aptitude而不是apt-get,安装软件包,它可能修复不满足的依赖问题。
如果这些不起作用
损坏的软件包可能被锁定,需要删除,要删除锁定的文件,请打开终端,并键入:
sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock
然后按ENTER键。
锁定的文件可能还需要在缓存目录中删除,为此,打开终端,并键入:
sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
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